Sawing-mac nine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 T. V. RANKIN. SAWING MACHINE.

No. 474,189. Patented. May s, 1892.

` (No Model.) v 1 Y T. v RANKIN. SAWING MACHINE.

No. 474,189. Patented May 3,1892.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED wSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS V. RANKIN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

SAWlNG-IVIACHIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 474,189, dated May 3, 1892.

Application tiled November 23, 1891. Serial No. 412,761. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, TrroMAs V. RANKTN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sawing-Maohines, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates more particularly to hand sawing-machines which Aare especially designed and adapted to execute bevel and other cross-cut work, the construction and arrangement thereof being fully hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims,

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a longitudinal elevation of my invention, showing the parts in their normal condition or the position they assume for ordinary right angle or square cross-cut sawing, the auxiliary footpropelling strap being shown broken off at the fore end of the machine and the saw-carriage lying at or near the tail end of the bed-- plate ready for a stroke or forward lnovement through the work; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a transverse sectional elevation in the direction of the arrow on line l l in Figs. l and 2, but on a larger scale; Fig. 4, a broken vertical section on line sa of Fig. 3 5' Fig. 5, a transverse sectional elevation in the direction of the arrow on line at o; in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. G, a transverse sectional elevation in the direction of the arrow on line y y in Figs. l and 2, excepting that the sawcarriage bed-plate and accompanying reciprocating devices are set at an angle of fortyve (45) degrees, the position they assume when Work of a corresponding angle or bevel is to be performed, aportion of the device being broken and in section to show the swivel or central stud on which the sawing devices may be turned in a horizontal plane in setting them for bevel-work other than` ordinary straight cross-cut or right-angled work; Fig. 7, a broken sectional plan on line 2 2 of Fig. l; Fig. 8, a broken longitudinal section on line 3 3 of Fig. 7 Fig. 9, a transverse sectional elevation in the direction of the arrow on line 4 4t of Fig. 7; and Fig. lO a broken transverse section, full size, simply showing the sliding connection between the saw-carriage baseplate and the longitudinal bed-plate of the machine, the remaining parts being omitted.

A represents the longitudinal bed-plate of my machine provided along its upper face withthe side guides or ways a a', which form a straight track for the reciprocating movements of the sawcarriage, as. most clearly shown in Figs. 2, 5, and l0. These side guides are each preferably formed in two parts, comprising the lower bars a2 and upper bars a3, which are of like width and jointly secured in place on the bed-plate by means of screws a4. The lower bars a2 are rabbeted along their upper inner edges to form the inner grooves a5 in said side guides.

B represents the base-plate of the saw-carriage, having one or more transverse plates or bars vb secured to its under side, these bars b being shouldered or rabbeted at their opposite ends to correspond with and iit the grooves a5 of the side guides, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and l0. C represents a circular saw -mounted perpendicular to said baseplate B on the outer end of the transverseA shaft or arbor c, the latter being in turn mounted in bearings on said base-plate B.

c represents a small spur gear or pinion keyed to the inner end of saw-arbor c and driven by an engaging large` spur-gear D, mounted on a short transverse shaft CZ, the latter being in turn mounted in bearings on said base-plate Brto the rear of said saw-ar-` bor. d is a bevel-pinion mounted on shaft CZ, adjacent said spur-gear D, and driven by an engaging bevel-gear E, which is mounted at the tail end of a longitudinal screw-shaft F. The screw-shaft or spiral spindle F is journaled at its rear smooth end in bearings on said base-plate B, and its remaining spiral portion engages the central opening of a ratchet-wheel e, the latter having a iianged hub e,which is journaled in a box at the top of standard or post E. The standard E is mounted upon the fore end of the bed-plate A and is supplied on its inner face with a spring-controlled detent or pawl c2, which engages the ratchetwheel e to prevent its turning backward, and also for the purpose I shall now describe. The central bore of the ratchet-wheel e is constructed with one or more spiral threads or ribs f, corresponding in pitch and number with the spiral grooves (two being shown in the drawings) in the longitudinal screw shaft or spindle F and de- IOO signed to cause the rotary movement of said spindle F, when the saw-carriage is advanced or moved forward over its track,-the said detent e2 preventing said backward movement of said ratchet-wheel, thus simultaneously driving the train of gear and they in turn rotating the saw for cutting. In the reverse or backward movement of the saw-carriage the spiral-grooved spindle F doesnot revolve, owing to the fact that the ratchet-wheel e .is free to revolve forward, and thus the saw and its train of gears are at rest during said reverse movement. t

F represents the handle (of ordinary handsaw handle or plane-stock form) attached at the rear end of the saw-carriage for its propulsion in either direction.

An auxiliary foot device is preferably provided to aid the operator in executing work on very hard lumber or expediting and facilitati ng work on any lumber. This foot device is composed of a belt or chain G, attached at one end to the loop or eye g in the fore end of the saw-carriage and leading over a roller r idler g', journaling in an opening in the standard E to a suitable foot-treadle, (not shown,) or, if desired, to any other motive power.

H represents a transverse bar or plate shouldered at its opposite ends to lit the inner grooves a5 in the side guides and designed to serve as a stop gage or abutment on the bed' plate to limit the forward movement of the saw-carriage. This stop-gage is provided with an automatic spring-catch h, the lower end of which engages either one of a longitudinal series of notches h in the upper face of the bed-plate A, whereby it may be adjustably set or locked in placeat any point on the l bed between the sawcarriage and standard E', and thus shorten or lengthen the stroke of said saw-carriage to suit the width of material to be out. The outer end of the spring portion of the catch 7L is upturned or formed into a lip to facilitate the disengagement of its pendent portion from the notches in the bedplate when desired. Vhen said catch hasbeen raised or disengaged from the bed-plate, the stop-gage may be readily slid or moved in either direction in the side guides.

I represents a horizontal segment or are of half a circumference graduated in degrees from zero to ninety leach way and properly numbered, its opposite ends being hinged in recesses formed in the bottom of the bed-plate A, as shown in Figs. l and 8, so that said bedplate and the hereinbefore described sawing devices supported thereby may hinge or be arranged at an inclination thereon.

I is a radial bar or plate projecting in wardly from the segment I, midway between its ends, and also hinged atits inner end in a recess formed in the bottom of bed-plate A, midway between the ends of the latter.

J is a long lateral bar, upon which the segment I and its accompanying saw devices os cillate in ahorizontal plane, the double-headed pin or bolt t' forming the center of oscillation and also the coupling or means of connection between the said radial bar I of the segment and said bar J, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. Bar J forms a squaring gage or abutment which is brought against one edge of the work for the sawing operation, the portion of( the work to be cut away projecting beyond its inner rounded end j the distance required.

K is an index-block attached to the bar J at one side the center thereof and rabbeted or shouldered on its inner lower corner, so that it may project over the segment I, a th umbscrew L passing throughsaid rabbeted portion of the index-block for frictional engagement with said segment and thereby iirmly clamping it in place at the desired angle. Segment I enables the arrangement of the bed-plate and sawing` `devices at any angle in a horizontal plane to a scope of one hundred and eighty degrees, this being ninety degrees in either direction, the parts being readilyand instantly adjusted to suit the desired angle and to saw either square, bevel, or miter work.

M represents a graduated arc or quadrant of ninety degrees suitably numbered and projecting from the said radial bar I', being disposed inwardly (toward the sawing devices) and passed through a slot in an arm m,which latter projects laterally from the bed-plate immediately over the said radial bar I. m represents an index block or` plate on the arm m, adjacent the arc M, and m2 is a th umh-screw passed through said index-block m for frictional engagement with said arc, and thereby firmly clamping or sustaining the arm m in place at the angle it is desired to arrange the bed-plate and sawing devices.

The hin ging of the bed-plate and its accompanying saw devices to the outer endsof the graduated segmentI, and the provision of are M in connection therewith, enable the machine to cut both square and bevel work, the

IOO

IIO

bevel-work being at angles perpendicular or transverse to the angles presented by said segment I.

In the operation of my device the saw-carriage may be readily reciprocated over its straight track, and so geared as to rotate the saw at any desired speed, all the angling or bevelin g devices being veryreadily changed at any time to suit the degree or angle required, whereby soft and hard wood alike may be sawed either square, cross-cut, or at any an gle. The momentum the saw attains before reaching the work (which is about one-third the length of the bed) enables the work to he done with ease and a clean cut secured.

It is obvious that for ordinary square crosscut sawing, which is straight across the grain, the segment I and arc M could be entirely dispensed with and omitted from the machine altogether and the balance of my machine operate just as well. It is also obvious that either of the arcs I and M could be disn pensed with and the machine operate with but one of them, as desired, the changes re-I quired in either event being immaterial and unnecessary to describe or show herein.

I claiml. In a sawing-machine, the combination of a bed-plate having a suitable track thereon, a handled saw-carriage reciprocating on said track, a circular saw mounted on said carriage, a longitudinal spirally grooved or threaded shaft connected by a train of gearing with said saw, the outer end of which shaft engages a feather in a standard or post at the fore end of said bed-plate, and a suitable abutment baror plate, which is rested against one edge of the work, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. In a sawing-machine, the combination of the bed-plate having a suitable track or guideway thereon, a handled saw-carriage reciproeating on said track or guideway, a circular saw mounted on said carriage, a longitudinal driving spiral shaft connected by a train of gearing with said saw, the outer end of which shaft engages a feather in a standard or post at the fore end of said bed-plate, a lateral abutment bar or plate, which is rested against one edge of the Work, and a horizontal graduated segment attached to said bed-plate and connected by a Vcenter bolt or swivel with said abutment-bar, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. In a sawing-machine, the combination of the bed-plate having a suitable track or guidewaythereon, a handled saw-carriage reciproeating on said track, a circular saw mounted on said carriage, a longitudinal/driving spiral shaft connected bya train of gearing with said saw, the outer end of which shaft engages a feather in a standard at the fore end of said bed-plate, a lateral abutment bar or plate, which is rested against one edge of the work and to which the bed-plate is hinged, an upright graduated quadrant projecting. from said abutment-bar, and a lateral arm or plate projecting from said bed-plate over said abutment-plate and which engages said quadrant, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a sawing-machine, the combination of the bed-plate having a suitable track or guideway'thereon, a handled saw-carriagev reciprocating on said track, a circular saw mounted on said carriage and connected by a suitable train of gearing with a longitudinal driving spiral shaft, the ou'ter end of which shaft engages a feather in a standard at the fore end of said bed-plate, a lateral abutment-bar which rests against one edge of the work, a horizontal graduated segment, to the opposite ends of which said bed-plate is hinged, and which segment is connnected by a center bolt or swivel with said abutment-bar, an upright graduated quadrant projecting from said segment, a lateral arm projecting from said bed-plate over a central radial bar on the said segment, and suitable clamping devices for holding the sawframe at the desired angle on both said segment and quadrant, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a sawing-machine, the combination of a bed-plate having a suitable track or guideway thereon, a handled saw-carriage reciprocating on said track, a circular saw mounted on said carriage, a spiral shaft connected by a train of gearing on said carriage with said saw, and a spiral feather in the upper end of a standard, which is mounted at the fore end of said bed-plate, said saw-carriage and its accompanying gears, saw, and spiral shaft on being propelled forward engaging said spiral feather, whereby said spiral shaft and gears are rotated, and they in turn driving the saw, substantially as herein set forth.

6. In a sawing-machine, the combination of a spiral or screw shaft suitably mounted at one end on a saw-carriage, a track or bed-plate for said carriage, a circular saw and intermediate mechanism between Vit and said spiral 

